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目的分析阜宁县疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过监测系统收集AEFl个案,用描述性方法对2010—2014年的监测资料进行分析。结果阜宁县2010—2014年共接种各类疫苗25种1 598 509针次,报告AEFI个案787例,报告发生率49.23/10万剂,其中一般反应46.29/10万剂,异常反应2.94/10万剂。一般反应主要为发热、局部红肿或硬结;异常反应主要为过敏性皮疹、过敏性紫癜、荨麻疹和卡介苗淋巴结炎。未发生严重异常反应、接种差错、偶合症等。报告病例中<7岁占99.1%,性别比为1.70∶1,有91.1%发生在接种后≤1d,3~6月较多。AEFI乡镇报告覆盖率、报告及时率和调查及时率均为100%。结论阜宁县近年的AEFI报告质量有所提高,但监测敏感性仍有提升空间。应科学宣传AEFI预防知识,提高群众对预防接种异常反应的正确认识。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected AEFI in Funing County and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the vaccination safety. Methods AEF1 cases were collected through the monitoring system, and the descriptive method was used to analyze the monitoring data from 2010 to 2014. Results In Funing County from 2010 to 2014, a total of 25 kinds of 1 598 509 kinds of vaccines were inoculated. 787 AEFI cases were reported, with a reported incidence of 49.23 / 100 000, of which 46.29 / 10 000 were general reactions and 2.94 / 100 000 were anomalous reactions Agent. The general reaction is mainly fever, local swelling or induration; abnormal reactions mainly allergic rash, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, urticaria and BCG lymphadenitis. No serious abnormal reaction, vaccination error, coupling syndrome and so on. Reported cases of <7 years of age accounted for 99.1%, the sex ratio was 1.70: 1, 91.1% occurred after inoculation ≤ 1d, 3 to 6 months more. AEFI township reporting coverage, reporting rate and timely investigation rate are 100%. Conclusion The quality of AEFI report in Funing County has been increased in recent years, but there is still room for improvement in monitoring sensitivity. AEFI should be scientifically publicized to prevent knowledge and raise the public’s correct understanding of the abnormal response to vaccination.