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司汤达《拉辛与莎士比亚》是现实主义文学的第一篇理论文献,重要性毋庸置疑。其写作成因有如下三个方面:一是当时浪漫主义与古典主义正是激烈纷争的时期,司汤达一方面为浪漫主义的合理性进行辩护,另一方面也是为当时政治斗争中的自由派予以援助;二是当时英国莎士比亚剧团遭受舆论攻击和法兰西学院院士奥瑞针对浪漫主义的恶意诋毁;三是司汤达无论对古典主义还是新崛起的浪漫主义的创作实绩感到不满,企图通过提出一系列新的文学准则指导创作从而书写法国当代新的民族悲剧。
Stendhal “Racine and Shakespeare” is the first theoretical literature of realist literature, the importance of no doubt. The writing causes are as follows: First, romanticism and classicism were the periods of intense disputes at the time. Stendhal defended the legitimacy of romanticism on the one hand, and liberals in the political struggle at that time Second, at that time, the British Shakespeare troupe was attacked by public opinion and the malicious slander of romanticism by the academician Aaron of the French Academy. Third, Stendhal was dissatisfied with the creative achievements of classicism and the newly emerged romanticism. A series of new literary guidelines guide the creation of new contemporary national tragedies in France.