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2006年的诺贝尔和平奖被授予孟加拉国的乡村银行创办者穆罕默德·尤努斯,因为他向农民发放小额贷款使千百万人脱贫。事实上,这也意味着农民在脱贫过程中如何获得金融支持是个世界性难题。改革开放后的中国,农业发展也遇到了同样的难题:靠自身的原始积累脱贫致富近乎天方夜谭,靠金融贷款却又如望梅止渴。农民融资出路何在?安徽省宣城市一些乡镇探索试行的农村房屋产权抵押贷款,引起社会的极大兴趣。然而房屋的抵押、流转却触及了农民生存的保障底线——宅基地。其中抵押的合法性之争及由此而生的不良贷款,让我们意识到,农村宅基地流转改革应渐进徐行。这,也是十七届三中全会的重要精神之一。
The 2006 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Muhammad Yunus, founder of the country bank in Bangladesh, for his microcredit loans to farmers to lift millions of people out of poverty. In fact, this also means that it is a worldwide problem for peasants to obtain financial support in the process of getting rid of poverty. After China’s reform and opening up, the development of agriculture encountered the same problem: getting rid of poverty through its primitive accumulation was almost fantastic and relying on financial loans to quench thirst. Where are the peasants’ financing ways? Some villages and towns in Xuancheng, Anhui Province, have probed the trial of rural residential property mortgage loans and aroused great interest in the society. However, the housing mortgage, circulation has touched the survival of farmers living bottom line - homestead. The debate over the legitimacy of mortgages and the resulting non-performing loans led us to realize that the reform of rural housing land should be gradual. This is also one of the important spirits of the Third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee.