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现代专利制度导致了一些高科技领域里＂专利丛林＂现象的出现,专利池被认为是克服＂专利丛林＂困境的一种有效的制度安排。但是专利结盟也可能会引起反垄断关注。本文对聚焦于专利池的经济效率和反垄断规制的理论并进行系统的研究,有如下主要结论：由互补性的专利组成的专利池有利于提高经济效率和社会福利;独立许可和回授条款规则可以用来作为反垄断当局甄别专利池是否具有反竞争效应的工具;在纵向关联的市场上,专利池和纵向一体化相结合有利于提高经济效率和社会福利;专利互补性专利池促进竞争充分而非必要条件,专利池反垄断规制应该遵循＂合理原则＂而不是＂本身违法原则＂。“,”Modern patent system has induced the patent thicket phenomenon in some high technological fields.Patent pool is considered to be an efficient institutional arrangement to overcome the patent thicket dilemma.But patent pooling may give rise to antitrust concern.This paper makes a systematic research on the efficiency and antitrust regulation of patent pools.Main conclusions are： patent pools including of complementary patents can help to improve economic efficiency and social welfare;independent licensing and grant-back clauses can be used by an antitrust authority as a tool to screen whether a patent has anti-competitive effect;in vertical related markets,the combination of patent pools and vertical integration can improve economic efficiency and social welfare;patent complementarities is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for patent pools to promote competition,the rule of antitrust regulation patent pools must follow the ＂rule of reason＂rather than＂per se＂principle.