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以2005-2014年间发生的8起重特大煤矿井下炸药自燃事故案例为样本,从事故发生原因与扩大原因2方面进行不安全动作研究。将导致事故发生的不安全动作分为违章贮存炸药,违法、违规生产,安全管理不力,购买、使用非煤矿用或质量不合格产品,未配备专业技术人员或脱岗5大类及具体17小类,共52个不安全动作,其中,非法购买、使用非煤矿用或劣质炸药、违章建爆炸材料库出现频次较高,是事故发生的直接不安全动作;将导致事故扩大的不安全动作分为自救不力,救灾不力,通风系统设置不合理,其他4大类及具体23小类,共41个不安全动作,其中,未佩戴自救器(含未配备与未携带)、未及时上报救援或救援不力出现频次较高。从员工层级分析,一线员工发出的不安全动作较少,且无导致事故发生的直接不安全动作,在事故预防时应加强对管理层人员安全培训。
Based on the sample of eight spontaneous explosives explosions in coal mines between 2005 and 2014 that occurred during 2005-2014, the study of unsafe actions was carried out from the causes of the accidents and the causes of their expansion. Will cause the accident unsafe action divided into illegal storage of explosives, illegal, illegal production, poor security management, purchase, use of non-coal or substandard quality products, not equipped with professional and technical personnel or off 5 categories and the specific 17 subcategories , A total of 52 unsafe actions, of which, the illegal purchase, use of non-coal mine or low-quality explosives, illegal building materials library explosion occurred frequently, is the direct occurrence of the accident unsafe action; will result in the expansion of the unsafe action divided into Inadequate self-help, poor relief, inadequate ventilation system settings, other 4 categories and specific 23 sub-categories, a total of 41 unsafe actions, which did not wear self-rescuer (including not equipped and not carried), not timely reporting of rescue or rescue Ineffective appearance of higher frequency. From the staff level analysis, less serious unsafe actions were sent out by front-line employees and no direct unsafe actions were caused. In the event of accident prevention, safety training for management personnel should be strengthened.