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《刑法》第九章第397条至第419条规定了渎职犯罪的一般罪名和特殊罪名。第397条的规定可以理解为渎职犯罪的一般法条,第398条至第419条的规定是渎职犯罪的特别法条。“两高”颁布的《关于办理渎职刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释(一)》(以下简称《解释一》)更是进一步明确了渎职犯罪一般法条和特别法条的适用。如果一个渎职行为的损害后果达到了一般罪名的起刑点而未达到特殊罪名的起刑点时,应当如何适用法律,就涉及到在法条竞合下的适用原则问题。本文拟从法条竞合相关理论谈起,结合《刑法》第9章与《解释一》的具体规定及司法实践,进一步辨析渎职犯罪中竞合法条的理解与适用问题,以期冀对司法实践能有所裨益。
Articles 397 to 419 of Chapter IX of the Penal Code provide for general charges and special charges for dereliction of duty. The provisions of Article 397 can be understood as the general law of dereliction of duty and the provisions of Articles 398 to 419 are special laws governing dereliction of duty. The Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Criminal Cases of Dereliction of Punishment (hereinafter referred to as “Interpretation I”) promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme Court of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as “Interpretation I”) further clarified the application of the general and special laws of dereliction crime. If a dereliction of duty damages the consequences of a general charge but does not reach the threshold of a special charge, how to apply the law involves the application of the law in the principle of competition. This article intends to talk about the relevant theory of competition law and combining with the specific provisions of Chapter 9 and Interpretation 1 of the Criminal Law and judicial practice to further analyze the understanding and application of the law of competition and cooperation in dereliction crime so as to promote the judicial practice Can be helpful.