主食,传统意义上泛指餐桌上的主要食物,是人体所需能量的主要来源。主食是碳水化合物,特别是淀粉的主要摄入源,因此以淀粉为主要成分的稻米、小麦、玉米等谷物,以及土豆、甘薯等根茎类食物被不同地域的人当作主食。稻谷是我国的第一大粮食作物,总产量与播种面积位居世界第一。2012年,全国稻谷产量创历史新高,达2.04亿吨,占全球稻谷产量的27.9%,占亚洲稻谷产量的31.1%。同时,我国也是世界上最大的大米消费国,全国65%以上的人口以大米为主食。由此可见,米制主食仍然是中国人餐桌上最重 Staple food, the traditional sense refers to the main food on the table, is the main source of energy the body needs. Staple food is the main source of intake of carbohydrates, especially starch. Therefore, cereals such as rice, wheat and corn, which contain starch as its main component, and rhizome foods such as potatoes and sweet potatoes are regarded as staple food by people in different regions. Rice is China’s largest food crop with the highest output and sown area in the world. In 2012, rice production in the country hit a record high of 204 million tons, accounting for 27.9% of the world’s rice production and 31.1% of the rice production in Asia. At the same time, our country is also the largest consumer of rice in the world. Over 65% of the population in the country uses rice as its staple food. This shows that rice staple food is still the heaviest Chinese table