现代虚无主义20世纪初传入中国,赞赏者有之,忧虑者有之,批评者稀少,从马克思主义立场出发的批评者更稀缺。陈独秀利用初步掌握的马克思主义理论,对作为无政府主义极端派别的“中国式虚无主义”做了三点分析批评:政治哲学方面的不现实、极端个人自由势必导致物质和精神上的虚无化;中国当时的虚无主义与中国传统的老庄思想、佛教空观密切相关;虚无主义虽是直接从俄国、日本、欧洲引进,却更多是当时中国社会危机的综合反映。作为中国共产党对虚无主义思潮的第一次理论应对,这一批判至今仍具有重要的借鉴价值。 Modern nihilism was introduced to China in the early 20th century, and there are many applausers. There are few applausers, few critics, and more critics from the Marxist standpoint. Chen Duxiu used the initial grasp of Marxist theory to criticize and criticize “Chinese-style nihilism” as an anarchic extremist faction: political philosophy is unrealistic, and extreme personal freedom is bound to lead to material and spiritual nirvana At the time, the nihilism in China was closely related to the traditional Chinese ideology of Lao-Zhuang and Buddhism. The nihilism, although directly imported from Russia, Japan and Europe, was more a comprehensive reflection of the social crisis in China at that time. As the first theoretical response of the Chinese Communist Party to nihilism, this criticism still holds an important reference value.