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依托单段实测爆破振动信号,借助Matlab软件编程,分析了特性各异的子信号在不同微差时间下叠加信号的时频特征,通过引入“降幅率”和“振速比例”的概念,提出了微差爆破叠加信号各特性随微差时间、起爆顺序及子信号特性的变化规律。分析发现,使叠加信号达到一定降幅率的时差并非某一具体时差点,而是多个间断的时差区间,其主频随微差时间的不同呈阶跃锯齿型变化;合理微差时间下,两单段信号的振动特性越相近,干扰降震效果越明显;若装药已定,优先起爆小药量的段别所达到的降震效果更佳。现场试验数据显示,研究结果基本符合微差爆破的现实运作规律。
Based on the single-stage blasting vibration signal and the Matlab software programming, the time-frequency characteristics of superposition signal with different characteristics were analyzed. By introducing the “falling rate” and “vibration speed ratio” The characteristics of the differential signals of differential-mode burst are proposed with the variation of the time, initiation sequence and sub-signal characteristics. The analysis shows that the time difference that the overlay signal reaches a certain rate of decrease is not a specific time difference but a number of intermittent time difference intervals whose main frequency changes stepwise with different zigzag time; The closer the vibration characteristics of the two single-segment signals are, the more obvious the interference and shock-reducing effect is. If the charge is fixed, the pre-blasting small-dose segment achieves better shock-absorbing effect. Field test data show that the results of the study are basically in line with the actual operation of the law of millisecond blasting.