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目的了解上海市长宁区中小学校水痘发病的特征,为学校水痘防制策略的制定提供参考依据。方法对上海市长宁区中小学校2005-2011年上报国家法定传染病报告系统的水痘发病资料进行流行病学分析。结果长宁区中小学水痘平均年发病的学校占学校总数的44.5%,年平均发病率为46.3/万。水痘发病有明显的季节分布,平均每起疫情的持续时间为45.8 d;小学生发病率(64.06/万)高于中学生(33.72/万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论学校晨检(巡检)制度落实不到位、患病学生带病上课是水痘疫情蔓延的主要原因。
Objective To understand the characteristics of chickenpox in primary and secondary schools in Changning District, Shanghai, and to provide reference for the development of school chickenpox prevention strategies. Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence of chickenpox reported by the national legal infectious disease reporting system from 2005 to 2011 in primary and secondary schools in Changning District, Shanghai. Results The average annual incidence of chickenpox in primary and secondary schools in Changning District accounted for 44.5% of the total number of schools, with an average annual incidence of 463 / million. The incidence of chickenpox was significantly seasonal, with an average duration of 45.8 days for each outbreak. The incidence of primary school students (64.06 / million) was higher than that of secondary school students (33.72 / million). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The implementation of the system of morning checkup (inspection) in schools is not in place. The sick students are the main reason for the spread of chickenpox epidemics.