我国煤炭资源丰富,为国民经济的持续稳定发展做出了巨大的贡献。然而,煤矿开发付出的环境代价、生态代价也是十分严重的。目前,我国煤炭开采约94%为井下开采,由此引起的地表沉陷已成为煤炭开采对土地破坏的主要方面。矿区大面积塌陷,改变了区域水热结构,毁灭了动植物区系,引发一系列社会经济与生态环境问题,成为全球环境与发展面临的焦点问题之一。为了实现矿山开采与生 China is rich in coal resources and has made tremendous contributions to the sustained and steady development of the national economy. However, the environmental costs and ecological costs paid by coal mine development are also very serious. At present, about 94% of coal mining in our country is for underground mining, and the surface subsidence caused by it has become the main aspect of the destruction of land by coal mining. Large area of ​​mining collapsed, changing the regional hydrothermal structure, destroyed flora and fauna, triggering a series of socio-economic and ecological problems, become the global environment and development are facing one of the key issues. In order to achieve mining and raw mines