论文部分内容阅读
对我室１９９５～１９９７年两年中所分离的临床常见病原菌的种类及其对抗生素敏感性的变迁进行了分析。两年中共收集标本３３５７份。１９９５～１９９６年收集了１８００份标本，病原菌分离率为３７．６１％（６７７／１８００）。在６７７株分离菌中，革兰氏阳性菌占４０．６４％，以金葡球菌（５５．２１％）及表葡球菌（３５．０２％）为主；革兰氏阴性菌占４６．１５％，以不动杆菌（２６．９４％）、大肠埃希氏菌（２４．１７％）和铜绿假单胞菌（２１．９４％）为主。１９９６～１９９７年收集了１５５７份标本，病原菌分离率为３６．４２％（５６７／１５５７）。在５６７株分离菌中，革兰氏阳性菌占４９．７４％，以金葡球菌（６０．２７％）和表葡球菌（２９．５５％）为主；革兰氏阴性菌占４５．２２％，以大肠埃希氏菌（３９．２６％）、铜绿假单胞菌（１９．６３％）和不动杆菌（１５．５６％）为主。用Ｋ－Ｂ法测定病原菌对常用抗生素体外敏感性试验的结果显示：革兰氏阳性菌对苯唑西林、氧氟沙星和环丙沙星的敏感率逐年下降（苯唑西林从２２．６８％降至１９．３１％，氧氟沙星从８５．６４％降至８０％，环丙沙星从８０．８８％降至７３．３３％），而对头孢菌素类的敏感性略有上升（?
The types of clinical common pathogens isolated in our hospital from 1995 to 1997 and their changes in susceptibility to antibiotics were analyzed. In two years, 3357 specimens were collected. 1800-1000 samples were collected from 1995 to 1996, and the isolation rate of pathogenic bacteria was 37.61% (677/1800). Among the 677 isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 40.64%, Staphylococcus aureus (55.21%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (35.02%), Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 46.15 %, Mainly Acinetobacter (26.94%), Escherichia coli (24.17%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.94%). From 1996 to 1997, 1557 specimens were collected, and the isolation rate of pathogenic bacteria was 36.42% (567/1557). Of the 567 isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 49.74%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus (60.27%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (29.55%); Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 45.22 %, Escherichia coli (39.26%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.63%) and Acinetobacter (15.56%). The K-B method was used to determine the susceptibility of pathogens to commonly used antibiotics in vitro. The results showed that the susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to oxacillin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin decreased year by year (oxacillin from 22.68 % To 19.31%, ofloxacin from 85.64% to 80%, and ciprofloxacin from 80.88% to 73.33%), whereas the sensitivity to cephalosporins was slightly rise(?