一、收费公路:产生的合理性及效率损失收费公路,即通过向车辆收取通行费方式弥补建设成本或获取一定收益的公路,是相对于免费公路而言的。公路作为社会经济发展的基础设施,属于政府应该提供给国民的公共产品之一。但是,如果单靠政府通过税收、发行债券等方式筹集建设资金,免费 I. Toll Roads: Reasonableness and Loss of Efficiency Toll roads, that is, roads that make up construction costs or earn a certain amount of revenue by charging tolls to vehicles, are freeways. As an infrastructure for socio-economic development, the highway belongs to one of the public goods that the government should provide to its citizens. However, if the government relies solely on the government to raise funds for construction by means of taxation and bond issuance, it will be free