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目的探讨H7N9禽流感的来源及高危因素,为制定科学的防控策略及流感流行预警提供依据。方法采集2013-2014年浙江省武义县从事销售和屠宰家禽的职业暴露人群血清标本43份,采用血凝抑制实验检测禽流感病毒抗体;采集外环境标本375份,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应方法检测H7N9禽流感病毒核酸,对监测结果进行分析。结果职业暴露人群H7N9禽流感病毒抗体均为阴性,2014年有6个监测场所检出H7N9禽流感病毒阳性,阳性率为11.11%(6/54),阳性场所分布在3个乡镇。家禽粪便标本、笼具表面涂抹物等标本检出阳性10份,阳性率2.67%(10/375)。结论武义县禽流感职业暴露人群尚未发现禽流感隐性感染者,在武义县3家活禽和宰杀市场的外环境中检测到H7N9禽流感病毒,提示存在人感染H7N9禽流感病毒的风险。
Objective To investigate the origin and risk factors of H7N9 avian influenza and provide the basis for making scientific prevention and control strategies and early warning of influenza epidemic. Methods A total of 43 serum samples from occupationally exposed and sold slaughtered poultry in Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province from 2013 to 2014 were collected. Antibody against avian influenza virus was detected by hemagglutination inhibition test. 375 samples of external environment were collected and analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction Methods Detection of H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid, the monitoring results were analyzed. Results The H7N9 bird flu virus was negative in the occupationally exposed population. In 2014, H7N9 bird flu was detected in 6 monitoring sites. The positive rate was 11.11% (6/54). The positive sites were distributed in 3 townships. Poultry stool specimens, cages and other specimens smear positive 10 samples, the positive rate of 2.67% (10/375). Conclusion The H7N9 bird flu virus was detected in the exposed environment of three live and slaughter markets in Wuyi County occupationally exposed to avian flu among occupationally exposed people in Wuyi County, indicating the risk of human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection.