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鼻息肉的发生率在过敏和非过敏性疾患有明显差异,前者为25.6％,后者为3.9％。而鼻息肉病人合并过敏性疾病的发生率较高,合并哮喘者达21～72％,与鼻息肉有关的过敏病主要有哮喘、荨麻疹、湿疹、过敏性鼻炎、药物和食物过敏等。Moloney报告445例鼻息肉,95例(21％)有明确哮喘史,64例(14％)在形成鼻息肉前即有哮喘;在376例无哮喘者,当发展形成鼻息肉时26例出现哮喘;42例有息肉和哮喘者,27例对一或几种普通过敏原皮试过敏,反映了特应性在鼻息肉和哮喘发生上的病因学作用。阿斯匹林不耐受和鼻息肉合并发生首次由Widal等(1922)报告,其后加上哮喘构成阿斯匹林三联症,发生率在2～10％,且有渐增趋势。原因在于柳酸制剂已广泛用于日常的食物、饮料、调味品和药品中。为防止阿斯匹林三联症和鼻息肉术后复发,耳鼻喉科医师应熟悉含阿斯匹林的复方制剂并在鼻息肉术后禁用。
The incidence of nasal polyps in allergic and non-allergic disorders were significantly different, the former was 25.6%, the latter was 3.9%. The incidence of allergic diseases in patients with nasal polyps is higher, with 21 to 72% of patients with asthma, and nasal polyps-related allergies are asthma, urticaria, eczema, allergic rhinitis, drug and food allergies. Moloney reported 445 cases of nasal polyps, 95 cases (21%) had a clear history of asthma, and 64 (14%) had asthma before forming nasal polyps; in 376 cases without asthma, 26 developed asthma when developing nasal polyps ; 42 with polyps and asthma, and 27 with allergy to one or more common allergens, reflecting the etiological role of atopy in nasal polyps and asthma. Aspirin intolerance and nasal polyposis occurred first reported by Widal et al (1922), followed by asthma constitutes aspirin triad, the incidence of 2 to 10%, and there is a growing trend. The reason is that salicylic acid formulations have been widely used in daily foods, beverages, condiments and pharmaceuticals. To prevent recurrence of aspirin trios and nasal polyps, otolaryngologists should be familiar with aspirin-containing compounds and disable them after nasal polyposis.