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成人呼吸窘迫征是指严重创伤、休克、大手术或内外妇儿各科的灾难性伤害,冲击肺脏所发生的急性进行性缺氧性呼吸衰竭。本征的病理及病理生理主要改变为肺微循环血管壁通透性增加和肺泡群萎陷,导致通气血流比例失调,肺内血液分流量增加。尸检发现:肺明显充血水肿,温度显著增加〈约为正常的3～4倍〉;镜下可见:肺间质水肿,透明膜形成,局灶性肺不张,肺毛细血管内可有凝血块、脂肪颗粒。上述病理变化与新生儿特发性呼吸窘迫综合征极为相似,故将此组病例命名为成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。
Adult respiratory distress sign refers to the severe trauma, shock, major surgery or women and children in both internal and external disastrous injuries, the impact of the lungs occurred acute progressive hypoxic respiratory failure. The main pathological and pathophysiological changes of the main changes in vascular wall permeability of pulmonary microcirculation and alveolar collapse, resulting in an imbalance of ventilation and blood flow, pulmonary blood flow diversion increased. Autopsy found: pulmonary congestion and edema, the temperature increased significantly (about 3 to 4 times the normal); microscopic findings: interstitial edema, transparent membrane formation, focal atelectasis, pulmonary capillaries may have clot , Fat particles. The pathological changes and neonatal idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome are very similar, so this group of patients named adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).