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婴幼儿期是诊断听力障碍的关键期,本研究旨在寻找经济、简便而可靠的婴儿听力筛查方法.方法 采用整群抽样方法,以 2378例新生儿作为研究对象.以听觉脑干诱发电位仪(ABR)为诊断仪器,比较评价便携式听力计(听力计)、塑料盒、小鼓和金属钤4种方法.对象同时接受4种方法听力筛查,比较各法所需时间和费用.其中275例进行了ABR诊断测试,并以此为标准,计算各法的灵敏度和特异度,及与 ABR的相关性.结果 听力计的灵敏度最高(62.5%),塑料盒和金属铃次之,约37.5%,小鼓最低,仅25.0%.4法的特异度均较高,为85.7%～93.2%.与ABR的相关程度,也以听力计为高,塑料盒、鼓和铃逐减,前两者相关具显著性.ABR操作时间及费用最多,听力计其次.结论如无新方法出现时,便携式听力计,为目前国内首选的新生儿听力行为观察筛查方法.其他几种方法稍逊.
The purpose of this study was to find an economical, simple and reliable method for hearing screening in infants.Methods A total of 2378 newborns were enrolled in this study.According to auditory brainstem response (ABR) as a diagnostic instrument to compare the four methods of portable audiometer (audiometer), plastic box, snare drum and metal ..At the same time, the subjects received four methods of hearing screening to compare the time and cost of each method.Among them 275 The ABR diagnostic test was used as a standard to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of each method and the correlation with ABR.Results The sensitivity of audiometer was the highest (62.5%), plastic box and metal bell were about 37.5 %, The smallest bongo, only 25.0% .4 method of specificity were higher, 85.7% to 93.2% .And the correlation with ABR, also audiometer as high plastic boxes, drums and bell reduction, the former two Related significant.ABR operation time and cost the most, followed by the audiometer.Conclusion If no new method appears, the portable audiometer, is currently the preferred method of screening newborns hearing behavior observation .Other other methods less.