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目的 探讨人类胚胎脑动脉分叉部弹力纤维和中层平滑肌细胞(smooth muscle cell,SMC)的构筑发育过程及特点。方法 收集胎龄12-28周人类胚胎共17例,每1个周龄取1例,男女不限.对胎脑Willis环周围的动脉分叉部行不同方向组织切片,观察弹力纤维和中层SMC的构筑发育过程。结果 胎脑Willis环周各动脉弹力纤维在1.5-12.6层之间,弹力纤维在同一切片有紊乱和逐渐减少现象,内弹力层第19周发育完整;中层SMC在1.1-9.0层之间,70.6％的胎脑动脉个别分叉部发现中层SMC缺陷,所取标本的30.3％发现中层SMC缺陷。结论 胎脑动脉内弹力纤维和中层SMC随胎龄增长而增多,内弹力层于第13-19周出现并发育成熟,脑动脉分叉部存在先天性SMC缺陷、弹力纤维紊乱和逐渐减少现象,有助于对脑动脉瘤病因假说的理解和验证。
Objective To investigate the developmental process and characteristics of elastic fibers and smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the bifurcation of human embryo. METHODS: A total of 17 embryos of 12-28 gestational weeks were obtained from human embryos at 1 week of age, with no restriction on the age of men and women.Different orientations were made on the arterial bifurcation around Willis ring of fetus. Elastic fibers and middle SMCs The construction of the development process. Results Willis circumflex artery around the elastic fibers in the 1.5-12.6 layer between the elastic fibers in the same section of the disorder and gradually reduced phenomenon, the inner elastic layer developed at 19 weeks complete; middle SMC in the 1.1-9.0 layer, 70.6 Middle of SMC defects were found in% of fetal bifurcation of the fetal arteries, and 30.3% of the samples were taken to find middle SMC defects. Conclusions The intramyocardial elastic fibers and middle SMC increased with the increase of gestational age. The inner elastic layer appeared and developed at the 13th to 19th weeks. The congenital SMC defect, elastic fiber disorder and gradual decrease were observed in the bifurcation of the cerebral artery. It helps to understand and verify the etiology of cerebral aneurysm.