论文部分内容阅读
水资源是人类生产生活不可或缺的基础性资源。水足迹是在虚拟水的基础上应运而生的,是当前水资源领域的研究热点之一。水足迹强度是一个反映水资源利用效率的指标,它为水资源的利用评价提供了一个全新的思路。通过构建水足迹模型和水足迹强度模型,测算出2004~2013年我国主要省份的水足迹及水足迹强度,其中水足迹包括农畜产品水足迹、工业产品水足迹、水污染足迹、生活和生态水足迹,并在此基础上对我国各区域的水足迹强度进行对比分析。研究结果表明,我国区域的水足迹呈现出波动上升的趋势,水足迹强度整体上呈现出下降趋势,但区域差异较为明显,其中中南地区的水足迹强度最大,西北地区的水足迹强度最小。我国各省份的水足迹强度在时空条件下不是呈现出平均地分布,其也受到邻近区域的影响。此外还基于探索性数据分析(ESDA)的方法,使用Moran’s I系数和局部空间自相关指数(LISA)来进行我国区域水足迹强度的全局及局部空间自相关分析。全局Moran’s I指数表明,我国各省份的水足迹强度在研究期间内都呈现出正的相关性。通过局部空间自相关分析辨别出了我国水足迹强度的“热点”区域和“冷点”区域。
Water resources are indispensable basic resources for human production and life. Water footprint is based on the virtual water came into being, is one of the hot spots in the field of water resources. Water footprint intensity is an indicator of water use efficiency, which provides a new idea for water resources utilization evaluation. Water footprint and water footprint intensity of major provinces in China from 2004 to 2013 were calculated by constructing a water footprint model and a water footprint strength model. The water footprint includes water footprint of agricultural and livestock products, water footprint of industrial products, footprint of water pollution, life and ecology Water footprint, and on this basis, comparative analysis of water footprint intensity in all regions of our country. The results show that the water footprint of our country shows a rising trend of fluctuation, and the water footprint intensity shows a declining trend as a whole, but the regional differences are obvious. Among them, the water footprint is the highest in Central South China and the water footprint is the lowest in Northwest China. The intensity of water footprint in all provinces of our country does not show an average distribution under the conditions of time and space and is also affected by the neighboring regions. In addition, based on exploratory data analysis (ESDA) method, Moran’s I coefficient and local spatial autocorrelation index (LISA) were used to analyze global and local spatial autocorrelation of regional water footprint intensity in China. The global Moran’s I index shows that the intensity of water footprint in all provinces in our country showed a positive correlation during the study period. Through the analysis of local spatial autocorrelation, the regions of “hot spot” and “cold spot” of water footprint in China were identified.