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[目的]调查上海市普陀区不同职业人群职业病防治的知识和态度情况,为有效开展全区职业病防治宣传工作提供参考依据。[方法]2010年4-5月份,采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取普陀区550名不同职业人群进行问卷调查,并分析年龄、性别、在沪生活时间、职业、文化程度等因素对职业病防治知识、态度的影响。[结果]不同年龄、在沪生活时间、职业、文化程度的人群,职业病防治相关知识和态度均存在明显差异。不同年龄组的密闭空间作业危害知晓率和了解防治知识的意愿不完全相同(χ2=15.80、9.89,P<0.05)。不同性别职业人群的知识态度无明显差异(P>0.05);在沪生活时间半年以上者对职业病防治法、密闭空间作业危害、下水道和清污作业危害的知晓率和纱布口罩无防尘效果的知晓率、喷涂和涂刷作业个人防护用品使用的正确率、了解防治知识的意愿均明显高于在沪生活半年以下者(依次χ2=21.76、4.07、23.51、5.77、21.77、6.94,P<0.05);由于文化程度的不同,密闭空间作业危害知晓率、下水道和清污作业危害知晓率、噪声防护措施正确率、喷涂和涂刷作业个人防护用品使用正确率、了解防治知识的意愿并不完全相同(依次χ2=38.09、50.04、49.35、16.62、23.65,P<0.05)。不同职业人群的职业病防治工作负责部门知晓率、电焊作业危害知晓率、下水道和清污作业危害知晓率、噪声防护措施正确率、纱布口罩无防尘效果知晓率、喷涂和涂刷作业个人防护用品使用正确率、了解防治知识的意愿方面不完全相同(依次χ2=17.41、11.29、32.98、30.78、28.15、13.51、23.82,P<0.05)。[结论]开展职业病防治知识的宣传工作应针对不同职业人群的特点采用有针对性的措施。
[Objective] To investigate the knowledge and attitudes of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases among different occupational groups in Putuo District of Shanghai and to provide reference for effective prevention and control of occupational diseases in the whole region. [Methods] From April to May 2010, stratified random sampling method was used to collect 550 different occupational groups in Putuo District to conduct questionnaire survey and analyze the effects of age, sex, life time in Shanghai, occupation and education level on prevention and treatment of occupational diseases Influence of knowledge and attitude. [Results] People with different ages, life time in Shanghai, occupation and education level, knowledge and attitude about occupational disease prevention and control were all significantly different. The awareness of occupational hazards in confined spaces in different age groups was not identical with that of knowledge of prevention and control (χ2 = 15.80,9.89, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in knowledge and attitude among occupational groups with different gender (P> 0.05). The awareness rate of occupational disease prevention and control, confined space operation hazard, sewer and decontamination hazards and dust-proof effect of gauze mask Awareness rate, the correct rate of use of personal protective equipment for spraying and brushing operations and the willingness to know about prevention and control were significantly higher than those who lived in Shanghai for less than half a year (χ2 = 21.76,4.07,23.51,5.77,21.77,6.94, P <0.05 ); Due to different levels of education, confined space operations hazards awareness, sewer and decontamination awareness of hazards, the correct rate of noise protection measures, spraying and brushing operations, the use of personal protective equipment, the correct rate, the willingness to understand the prevention knowledge is not complete The same (χ2 = 38.09,50.04,49.35,16.62,23.65, P <0.05). Occupational disease prevention and control of different occupational groups Responsible department awareness, welding operation hazard awareness, awareness of sewer and decontamination hazards, the correct rate of noise protection measures, gauze masks no dust effect awareness, spraying and brushing Personal protective equipment Use the correct rate, understand the willingness to control knowledge is not exactly the same (χ2 = 17.41,11.29,32.98,30.78,28.15,13.51,23.82, P <0.05). [Conclusion] Propaganda of carrying out prevention and treatment of occupational diseases should adopt targeted measures according to the characteristics of different occupational groups.