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我国岩溶地区广泛分布,隧道建设穿越岩溶区域极易发生突水突泥灾害。为防止灾害的发生,采用隔水关键层原理对断层段岩盘突水力学机制进行了理论分析研究。就岩溶隧道断层段岩盘力学破坏机制探讨建立了溶腔位于隧道侧面条件下断层突水力学模型,推导了岩溶隧道断层段岩盘最小安全厚度计算公式,并结合工程实例对岩盘最小安全厚度的确定进行了讨论。对于压性断层,最小安全厚度计算依据以水压0.8 MPa为分界,小于0.8 MPa时应按抗弯强度分析,反之则应按抗剪强度分析,同时不能忽略零水压情况;对于张性断层,最小安全厚度计算需考虑侧方岩体上下部长度,较长部分更易被破坏,等长时下部易被破坏。确定岩盘最小安全厚度,综合考虑岩盘力学性质、溶腔水压及隧道半径等因素,对侧部岩溶隧道断层段设计施工提供了具体参考。
Karst areas are widely distributed in our country, and the construction of tunnels crossing the karst areas is prone to sudden water and mud disasters. In order to prevent the occurrence of disasters, the mechanism of water inrush in the fault zone was analyzed theoretically by using the principle of critical layer of water barrier. On Mechanics Failure Mechanism of Tray in Tectonic Section of Karst Tunnel A mathematical model for calculating the minimum safety thickness of fault rock in fault section of karst tunnel has been established. The determination was discussed. For the compressive fault, the minimum safety thickness is calculated based on the pressure of 0.8 MPa as the boundary. If the pressure is less than 0.8 MPa, the analysis should be based on the flexural strength. Otherwise, the analysis should be based on the shear strength and zero pressure should not be neglected. The calculation of the minimum safety thickness needs to consider the lengths of the upper and lower sides of the side rock mass, the longer part is more likely to be damaged, and the lower part is easily damaged when the length is long. Determine the minimum safety thickness of the rock disk, considering the mechanical properties of the rock disk, water pressure and tunnel radius and other factors, design and construction of the lateral karst tunnel section provides a specific reference.