小麦是山东省种植历史悠久、播种面积最大、总产量最多、商品率最高的重要粮食作物,小麦产量的丰歉与全省国民经济的发展、社会稳定、人民生活的改善息息相关。1种质资源的引进和改造利用作物种质资源是育种的基础,引进、筛选、鉴定、改造、评价、利用作物品种资源是重要的基础 Wheat is an important grain crop with a long history of planting, the largest sown area, the highest total output and the highest commodity rate in Shandong Province. The apology of wheat yield is closely related to the development of national economy, social stability and improvement of people’s life in Shandong Province. 1. Introduction and Improvement of Germplasm Resources Utilizing crop germplasm resources is the basis of breeding. It is an important foundation to introduce, screen, identify, reform, evaluate and utilize crop resources