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犯罪的情境预防是指在具体的时空内有效控制犯罪目标以减少犯罪机会的犯罪预防方法,理性选择理论、常规行为理论和环境犯罪学理论是其理论基础。该理论强调根据具体犯罪的情境采取不同的犯罪预防措施,增加犯罪难度抑制犯罪动机从而减少犯罪的发生。本文认为我国应当引入情境预防理论,形成社会预防——情境预防——司法预防的三元预防犯罪体系,实现对犯罪的最佳控制。
Situation prevention of crime refers to crime prevention methods that effectively control criminal targets in order to reduce the chance of crime within a specific space-time. The theory of rational choice, conventional behavior theory and environmental criminology are the theoretical basis. The theory emphasizes that different criminal prevention measures should be taken according to the situation of a specific crime, the crime difficulty should be increased, the motivation of crime should be restrained, and the crime should be reduced. This paper argues that our country should introduce the situation prevention theory and form a ternary crime prevention system of social prevention, situational prevention and judicial prevention so as to realize the best control of crime.