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长期载人航天器密封舱内微生物的生长会对航天员健康和设备材料造成威胁,因此需要对航天器密封舱内的微生物水平进行定期的监测,并根据监测结果采取相应的控制措施,确保舱内微生物水平满足在轨指标要求。本文介绍了国际空间站美国舱段和俄罗斯舱段内对空气、设备材料表面和水系统的微生物监测技术,并对我国空间站微生物监测手段提出了建议。
The growth of microorganisms in the manned spacecraft capsule will pose a threat to astronaut health and equipment materials. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor the microorganisms in the capsule of the spacecraft and take corresponding control measures according to the monitoring results to ensure that the capsule Microbiological level to meet the orbital indicators. This article introduces the microbial monitoring technology of air, equipment material surface and water system in the US space segment of the International Space Station and the Russian segment, and puts forward some suggestions on the means of microbial monitoring in China’s space station.