本文主要考察尼采的视觉观念。传统的视觉理论认为,视觉的执行者是跟肉体相对的“灵魂”或“精神”。19世纪以来,随着艺术自律观念的兴起,又出现了一种趋势,把视觉看作一种脱离肉身的、抽象的、独立自足的功能。跟这两种视觉观念不同的是,尼采从“生理学”的角度出发,始终把视觉理解为一种身体状态,认为视觉是跟人的意志和欲望联系在一起的。 This article examines Nietzsche’s visual concepts. The traditional visual theory holds that the performer of vision is “soul” or “spirit” relative to the flesh. Since the 19th century, with the rise of the concept of artistic self-discipline, there has also been a tendency to regard vision as a function of being divorced from the flesh, of the abstract and of independence and self-sufficiency. Unlike these two visual conceptions, Nietzsche, from the perspective of physiology, always interprets vision as a state of the body, believing that vision is associated with human will and desire.