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溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种多因素参与的慢性非特异性肠道炎性疾病，与环境、基因、肠道免疫及菌群等相关，而阑尾可影响肠道免疫系统调节及微生态稳定。近年研究发现阑尾切除可能降低UC发病风险，缓解疾病病程，对复发难治性UC施行阑尾切除术具有一定的治疗效果，但目前阑尾切除用于UC的治疗仍存在争议。本文将从阑尾切除对UC发病率、疾病病程、基础研究3个方面进行综述阑尾切除在UC中的研究进展。“,”Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease that is considered to be multifactorial with environmental factors, genetic basis, intestinal immune regulation and intestinal flora. The appendix may effect intestinal immune system regulation and microecological stability. Previous studies indicated appendectomy may reduce the risk of UC incidence and alleviate the severity of the disease. And appendectomy for relapsed and refractory UC may have a certain therapeutic effect. However, appendectomy as a treatment for UC is still controversial. This article discusses the impact of appendectomy on UC in the view of disease incidence, disease course, and basic research.