目的对无患子科药用植物无患子(Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn)的果皮进行性状和显微鉴定。方法采用常规石蜡切片和临时水装片对其显微结构进行鉴定分析。结果无患子的外果皮有角质层;中果皮外侧有厚角组织,内侧有众多溶生式分泌腔,周围薄壁细胞中散布各种草酸钙结晶、石细胞、纤维束以及外韧型维管束;内果皮为扁平状木化细胞。结论结果可为无患子的鉴定及其质量标准的制定提供新的资料。 Objective To characterize and identify the pericarp of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. Methods The conventional paraffin sections and temporary water-filled tablets were used to identify the microstructure. Results Sapindus apothecium had stratum corneum; mesocarp had a thick angle outside the organization, the inside of a large number of soluble secretion chamber around the parenchyma cells scattered in a variety of calcium oxalate crystals, stone cells, fiber bundles and the outer toughness dimension Tube bundle; endocarp flat-shaped woody cells. Conclusion The results provide a new source for the identification of Sapindaceae and the development of its quality standards.