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目的：探讨脐带间充质干细胞（UCMS）移植治疗2型糖尿病的效果。方法30例2型糖尿病患者接受 UCMS 移植治疗，分别监测治疗前后空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h 血糖(2h PBG)、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、空腹C肽和餐后2 h C肽的变化。结果2型糖尿病患者行脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗后三个月糖化血红蛋白由(8.07±1.02)%降低至(6.90±1.10)%，P <0.01；空腹C肽和餐后2 hC肽由(1.27±0.81) pmol/L和(3.43±2.03) pmol/L升高为(2.01±1.35) pmol/L和(4.16±2.23) pmol/L ，P <0.01, P <0.05；空腹血糖和餐后血糖从术前的(8.54±2.61) mmol/和(13.70±3.20) mmol/降低为(7.13±1.81) mmol/和(10.30±2.71) mmol/L，P <0.05, P <0.01，均优于治疗前。结论脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗2型糖尿病疗效显著。“,”Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) on type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods 30 T2DM patients underwent transplantation of UCMSCs. The fast blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2h PBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), fasting C-peptide,and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide were detected before and 3 months after the transplantation. Results Three months after the transplantation the level of HbAlc significantly decreased from (8.07 ± 1.02)% to (6.90 ± 1.10) % ,P <0.01; the levels of fasting C-peptide and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide significantly increased from (1.27±0.81) pmol/L and (3.43±2.03) pmol/L to (2.01±1.35 ) pmol/L and (4.16±2. 23) pmol/L respectivelyP <0.01, P <0.05; and the fasting plasma glucose and postprandial glucose levels significantly decreased from (8.54 ± 2.61) mmol/L and (13.70 ± 3.20) mmol/L to (7.13 ± 1.81) mmol/L and (10.30 ± 2.71) mmol/L respectively ,P <0.05, P <0.01. Conclusion UCMSCs is effective in treating T2DM in this study.