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地球内部的气体及挥发份沿活动断裂带不断向外释放的事实目前已为地学界大多数学者所接受。活动断层带释放的流体其物质来源主要有三个。(1)来自地球大气圈及水圈,大气和水圈中的许多化学组分可以通过多种物理化学作用进入地壳岩石或土壤中,其中主要的作用有大气在地下水中的溶解作用,岩石和土壤的吸附作用以及生物圈的循环作用等。(2)来自地球内部的各类变质作用,接触变质、区域变质和动力变质都可以产生大量的流体组分,地球上的一些重要的气体资源,如天然气等基本上都属于变质作用的产物。(3)来自地球深部,这些来自地球更深层次的气体或挥发份其中有一部分可能直接来自地幔,地幔
The fact that the gas and volatile matter in Earth’s interior are continually released to the outside along active fault zones is now accepted by most scholars in geosciences. There are three main sources of fluid that are released from an active fault zone. (1) Many chemical constituents from the Earth’s atmosphere and hydrosphere, the atmosphere and the hydrosphere can enter the crustal rock or soil through a variety of physicochemical processes, with the major role being the dissolution of the atmosphere in groundwater, Soil adsorption and the role of the circulatory cycle and so on. (2) A variety of metamorphism, contact metamorphism, regional metamorphism and dynamic metamorphism from within the Earth can produce a large number of fluid components. Some important gas resources on earth, such as natural gas, are basically metamorphic products. (3) From deep in the earth, some of these deeper layers of gas or volatiles from Earth may come directly from the mantle, the mantle