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目的探讨围绝经期妇女颈动脉粥样硬化及内中膜厚度与血脂水平的关系。方法随机选取进行健康体检的围绝经期妇女412名,依据其血脂检测结果分为血脂异常组199名,血脂正常组213名,利用二维彩色多普勒超声显像仪检测颈动脉内中膜厚度、并观察颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生情况。分析血压、体重指数与血脂水平的关系。结果围绝经期妇女中颈动脉内中膜增厚率达41.74%,粥样斑块形成率达31.79%。血脂异常组中受检者的血压、体重指数、颈动脉内中膜厚度以及粥样斑块的发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。在血脂异常组中,以高甘油三酯血症致动脉粥样硬化发生率最高,与其他类型血脂异常比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论颈动脉粥样硬化及内中膜增厚在围绝经期妇女中有较高的发生率,尤其在有血脂异常的妇女中发生率更高。对围绝经期妇女应加强健康教育,定期进行健康检查,特别是血脂检测及颈动脉超声检查,以便早期发现异常,采取相应的干预措施,预防心脑血管病的发生,提高妇女的生存质量。
Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and intima-media thickness and serum lipids in perimenopausal women. Methods A total of 412 perimenopausal women were randomly selected for health examination. According to the results of their lipids test, they were divided into 199 cases of dyslipidemia and 213 cases of normal lipids. The carotid intima media Thickness, and observe the occurrence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Analysis of blood pressure, body mass index and the relationship between blood lipid levels. Results The rate of carotid intima-media thickening in perimenopausal women was 41.74%, and the rate of formation of atherosclerotic plaques was 31.79%. Blood pressure, body mass index, intima-media thickness of carotid artery and the incidence of atherosclerosis in subjects with dyslipidemia were higher than those in control group (P <0.05). In the dyslipidemia group, the incidence of atherosclerosis caused by hypertriglyceridemia was the highest, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other types of dyslipidemia (P <0.01). Conclusion Carotid atherosclerosis and intima-media thickness have a higher incidence in perimenopausal women, especially in women with dyslipidemia. For perimenopausal women should strengthen health education, regular health checks, especially blood lipid testing and carotid ultrasound, in order to detect abnormalities early, take appropriate interventions to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and improve the quality of life of women.