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低影响发展模式(Low impact development,简称LID)是1990年代末在暴雨管理和面源污染处理技术基础上发展起来的城市雨洪水综合管理的设计与工程方法,它继承了传统BMPs技术优点,与城市规划和景观设计结合,成为绿色基础设施体系的核心组成部分。以美国为代表的LID的设计与工程原则、具体技术方法、应用情况对中国的城市建设具有现实的指导意义。本文最后分析了LID这种可持续的城市规划、景观设计与市政工程模式在中国的应用途径。
Low Impact Development (LID) is a design and engineering approach to integrated urban stormwater management developed in the late 1990s under stormwater management and non-point source pollution management. It inherits the advantages of traditional BMPs technology, Urban planning and landscape design combine to become a core component of a green infrastructure system. The design and engineering principles of LID represented by the United States, the specific technical methods and applications have a realistic guiding significance for the urban construction in China. Finally, this paper analyzes the application of LID, a sustainable urban planning, landscape design and municipal engineering model in China.