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三峡移民属非自愿性移民,库区稳定关键是移民心理的稳定。使用自行设计问卷调查显示:三峡后靠农村移民因库区环境限制及搬迁后耕地、收入不及搬迁前、移民政策执行不及时、彻底等,对未来生活缺乏信心,负性心理特征明显,尤其是移民中普遍存在的损失与相对剥夺感,构成了移民安置区稳定的潜在威胁。建立移民心理疏导机制,重视库区产业结构调整,加强移民技能培训,构建库区安全防范体系以及推进库区城镇化进程等,有助于缓解移民心理压力,创造稳定、和谐的库区社会经济环境。
Three Gorges immigrants are involuntary resettlement. The key to the stability of the reservoir area is the psychological stability of immigrants. Using the self-designed questionnaire survey, the lack of confidence in the future life and the obvious negative psychological characteristics are evident after the Three Gorges rely on rural migrants due to environmental constraints in the reservoir area and cultivated land after relocation, and their incomes are not as low as before relocation and the resettlement policies were not implemented in a timely and thorough manner. In particular, The pervasive loss and relative sense of deprivation among immigrants constitute a potential threat to the stability of the resettlement areas. The establishment of immigration psychological counseling mechanism, emphasis on industrial restructuring in the reservoir area, strengthening resettlement skills training, building a reservoir area security precaution system and promoting the process of urbanization in the reservoir area will help alleviate the psychological pressure on immigrants and create a stable and harmonious socio-economic development in the reservoir area surroundings.