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Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is an autoimmune disease that results from the destruction of insulin-producing cells by autoreactive T cells,leading to lifelong dependency on insulin therapy and increased risk of long-term cardiovascular complications.Here we take the opportunity of the 20thanniversary of the generation of the BDC2.5 TCR transgenic non-obese diabetic(NOD) mouse model,to provide a brief overview of the significant progress that has been made in understanding the role of T cells in the disease pathogenesis period.This included development of hundreds of reagents that block or even reverse new-onset disease by directly or indirectly controlling T cells.We also reflect on the sobering fact that none of these strategies has shown significant efficacy in clinical trials and discuss potential reasons hindering translation of the preclinical findings into successful therapeutic strategies and potential ways forward.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that results from the destruction of insulin-producing cells by autoreactive T cells, leading to lifelong dependency on insulin therapy and increased risk of long-term cardiovascular complications. Here we take the opportunity of the 20 thaniversary of the generation of the BDC2.5 TCR transgenic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model, to provide a brief overview of the significant progress that has been made in understanding the role of T cells in the disease pathogenesis period. This included development of hundreds of reagents that block or even reverse new-onset disease by directly or in controlling for T cells. We also reflect on the sobering fact that none of these strategies has shown significant efficacy in clinical trials and discuss potential reasons hindering translation of the preclinical findings into successful therapeutic strategies and potential ways forward.