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目的了解益阳市不同无偿献血人群的梅毒感染情况,为血站选择低危无偿献血人群提供理论依据。方法选择2006年1月-2009年12月益阳市59447名无偿献血者,运用TP-ELISA法检测所有标本,并进行分组比较和统计分析。结果益阳市近4年无偿献血人群梅毒阳性率为0.61%(364/59447),且各年份间阳性率两两比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。男女性别梅毒阳性率(0.64%、0.58%)差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.82,P>0.05)。初次献血者阳性率为0.78%、多次献血者阳性率为0.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=61.15,P<0.01)。不同年龄组人群梅毒阳性率(0.26%、1.16%)不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=185.80,P<0.01)。不同职业人群梅毒阳性率(0.08%、1.16%)不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=284.60,P<0.01)。不同文化程度献血人群梅毒阳性率(0.75%、0.33%)不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=38.09,P<0.01)。结论多次献血者、低年龄段、学生和大专及以上人群为低危人群,血站在选择无偿献血志愿者时,应考虑把重点放在这些人群上。同时应提高梅毒抗体检测水平,从而保证血液质量。
Objective To understand the syphilis infection among different blood donors in Yiyang City and to provide a theoretical basis for selecting blood donors for blood donation at low risk. Methods 59447 unpaid blood donors from January 2006 to December 2009 in Yiyang City were selected and all the specimens were detected by TP-ELISA method and compared by grouping and statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of syphilis in unpaid blood donors in Yiyang City in the recent 4 years was 0.61% (364/59447). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of syphilis between the years (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of syphilis between male and female (0.64%, 0.58%) (χ2 = 0.82, P> 0.05). The positive rate of first blood donors was 0.78%, the positive rate of multiple blood donors was 0.24%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 61.15, P <0.01). The positive rates of syphilis in different age groups (0.26%, 1.16%) were different, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 185.80, P <0.01). The positive rates of syphilis in different occupational groups were different (0.08%, 1.16%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 284.60, P <0.01). The positive rates of syphilis in blood donors of different education levels were different (0.75%, 0.33%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 38.09, P <0.01). Conclusion Many blood donors, low age groups, students and college and above are among the low-risk groups. When choosing voluntary blood donation volunteers, they should consider focusing on these groups of people. At the same time should increase the level of syphilis antibody testing, thus ensuring blood quality.