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全球气候变化和城市化进程的不断加快使得城市暴雨洪涝灾害频繁发生,洪水中汽车滑移后有可能撞毁周边基础设施,危及行人生命安全.因此,有必要对洪水中汽车滑移速度开展力学分析及相应试验研究,为城市洪水风险评估提供科学参考.文章首先分析了洪水中汽车滑移状态时的受力情况,结合抛石落距和一维碰撞双自由度力学模型推导出洪水中汽车的滑移速度及其最大撞击力的计算公式;然后采用模型小车开展了汽车滑移及碰撞的水槽试验,得到不同来流情况下的汽车滑移速度和最大撞击力的试验数据;最后利用这些试验结果率定出公式中关键参数,计算了原型车辆在不同来流条件下的滑移速度和最大撞击力.
Due to the global climate change and the accelerating process of urbanization, heavy rainstorms and floods in urban areas are frequent, and it is possible for the vehicles to crash into surrounding infrastructures and jeopardize the lives and safety of pedestrians in the floods.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out mechanics on the slip speed of cars in floods Analysis and corresponding experimental study to provide a scientific reference for the assessment of urban flood risk.Firstly, the paper analyzes the force of the vehicle in the slip state of the flood, and combines the throwing distance and two-degree-of-freedom mechanical model of one-dimensional collision to deduce the car in the flood The sliding speed and the maximum impact force of the formula; and then use the model car to carry out the car slip and collision of the tank test, get the case of different flow conditions of the car slip speed and maximum impact test data; Finally, the use of these The test result rate determines the key parameters in the formula, and calculates the slipping speed and the maximum impact force of the prototype vehicle under different incoming flow conditions.