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电火花加工过程是在小间隙状态下进行的,为了研究电火花加工的物理本质,就需要实现微米级的精确控制。如果间隙控制不够精确,实验结果的离散性将很大,利用磁致伸缩效应能实现微米级的精确控制。磁致伸缩效应是:铁、钴、镍等磁性材料在磁场作用下,它们的尺寸将发生变化,当磁场消失后,又恢复到原有尺寸。由图1可知,镍和铁钴合金的伸缩性能最好,铁钴合金在磁场作用下产生伸长,而镍则产生收缩,故实现小间隙控制以镍最为理想。
EDM process is carried out in a small gap state, in order to study the physical nature of EDM, you need to achieve precise micron-level control. If the gap control is not accurate enough, the experimental results will be very discrete, the use of magnetostrictive effect can achieve precise control of the micron level. Magnetostrictive effect is: magnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel and other magnetic materials under the action of the magnetic field, their size will change, when the magnetic field disappears, and returned to its original size. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the ductile properties of nickel and iron-cobalt alloys are the best. Iron-cobalt alloys produce elongation under the action of a magnetic field while nickel shrinks.