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通过静态吸附和动态模拟试验,本文研究了放射性核素铯,锶在砂土介质中的分配系数Kd和滞留因子R_d。静态实验的结果表明:当溶液中核素浓度较低时,铯、锶的分配系数Kd基本保持不变;当溶液中核素浓度较高时,分配系数Kd随浓度的增加而减小。此外,分配系数随溶液pH值降低以及其它阳离子浓度增加而减小。动态试验表明:在砂土中Cs的迁移速度远远小于Sr的迁移速度。文章指出,虽然动态试验的分配系数Kd与静态试验的Kd有一定差异,但在变化规律上是一致的。因此,从理论上来讲,继续开展静态吸附试验是必要的。另一方面,为对现场试验提供有意义的指导,室内动态模拟试验的工作应大大加强。在静态试验和动态试验中,应对溶液中核素浓度加以控制。
Through static adsorption and dynamic simulation tests, the partition coefficient Kd and retention factor R_d of radionuclides cesium and strontium in sand media were studied. The results of static experiments show that the distribution coefficient Kd of cesium and strontium remains unchanged when the concentration of the nuclide in the solution is low. When the nuclide concentration is high, the distribution coefficient Kd decreases with the increase of the concentration. In addition, the partition coefficient decreases as the pH of the solution decreases and the concentration of other cations increases. Dynamic tests show that the migration speed of Cs in sand is far less than that of Sr. The article points out that although the distribution coefficient Kd of the dynamic test is different from that of the static test, it is consistent in the variation law. Therefore, in theory, it is necessary to continue the static adsorption test. On the other hand, in order to provide meaningful guidance to field tests, indoor dynamic simulation tests should be greatly strengthened. In static tests and dynamic tests, the concentration of the nuclide in solution should be controlled.