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Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) on inhibiting dexamethasone (DEX)-induced mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblast apoptosis.Methods:Mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured and divided into groups. Control group were treated with DMEM without drugs, DEX group were treated with DMEM containing 5μmol/L dexamethasone, and NT-3 group were treated with DMEM containing 5μmol/L dexamethasone and 100ng/mL NT-3. Apoptosis rate, proliferation viability, osteogenesis marker contents as well as apoptosis gene and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway molecule expression were detected.Results: The apoptosis rate as well as bax and caspase-3 expression in the cells of DEX group was significantly higher than those of control group, whereas proliferation viability value, ALP, OCN and COL-I contents in the medium as well as bcl-2, p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR expression in the cells were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05); the apoptosis rate as well as bax and caspase-3 expression in the cells of NT-3 group was significantly lower than those of DEX group, whereas proliferation viability value, ALP, OCN and COL-I contents in the medium as well as bcl-2, p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR expression in the cells were significantly higher than those of DEX group (P<0.05).Conclusion:NT-3 has inhibiting effect on the dexamethasone-induced mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblast apoptosis, and the possible mechanism of this effect is to activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.