中国如果还没有解决低效益(或无效益)国有企业的问题,那么它的宏观经济改革就不能说已经完成。经济学家估计,国有企业的亏损达国民生产总值(GNP)的5％以上。有些国有企业(10％)完全停止生产,职工回家,发给可以勉强维持生活的工资。 这是一个困难的经济问题,又是一个敏感的政治问题。我知道中国领导人正在致力于寻求一个解决办法。如何使那些资不低债的企业宣布破产,这是一个难题,因为除非建立起一个社会保障体系,实行了住房改革并有各种重新培训和调配工作的计划,就不能对职工实行裁员。 If China still has not solved the problem of low-efficiency (or inefficient) state-owned enterprises, its macroeconomic reform can not be said to have been completed. Economists estimate that state-owned enterprises have lost more than 5% of their gross national product (GNP). Some state-owned enterprises (10%) completely stopped production and workers returned home and paid salaries that they could barely sustain. This is a difficult economic issue as well as a sensitive political issue. I know that Chinese leaders are committed to finding a solution. The problem of bankruptcy of enterprises that are not heavily indebted with debt is a difficult one because unless there is a social security system, a housing reform and various plans for re-training and deployment, we can not lay off workers.