病例对照研究是比较人群中患某病的病例与未患该病或正常人的对照者暴露于可能危险因素的比例的差异,即计算病例组与对照组的暴露优势比,用以估计患病优势比,从而来分析和推测哪些因素与疾病存在着联系的一种流行病学研究方法。由于病例组和对照组的暴露比例往往是通过研究对象的回顾而获取的,故又称之为回顾性研究。 Case-control study is the difference between the proportion of patients with a disease in the population and the controls without or with exposure to possible risk factors, ie, the ratio of exposure dominance to the control group, to estimate the prevalence Odds ratio, thus to analyze and speculate on what factors and diseases linked to an epidemiological method. Because the proportion of cases and control group exposure is often obtained through the study’s review and acquired, it is also known as a retrospective study.