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1939年,吴经熊在由其任主编的英文期刊《天下》上连载了自己的《道德经》译文,得到了广泛的认可。本文拟以提莫志克所提出的“翻译是一种转喻”的理论为研究视角,考察吴经熊《道德经》翻译实践的特点,及其与时代的互动关系。提莫志克指出,译者能够通过选择性地突出原文本的一部分来转喻式指代文本本身的方式,来实现译者不同的翻译目的。聚焦吴经熊的《道德经》翻译实践,考察其译文和周边文字的转喻式构建特点,及其与社会文化语境的转喻式关联,可知:通过采用“执两用中”的译介策略——充分性和接受性兼顾,民族性和世界性并举,吴经熊尝试向西方解释中国文化,突出《道德经》不仅具有世界文学经典的语言特征,而且与西方文化相似相通,对西方现代文明中出现的问题具有较强的解释力。吴经熊的转喻式翻译实践为中国文学对外译介提供了一个可行的参照模式,对其翻译实践的转喻视角分析,也有助于从一个新的视角理解翻译与文化传播的关系。
In 1939, Wu Jingxiong was widely accredited by his autobiographical translation of “Tao Te Ching” in the world of English, the chief editor of his essay. This paper intends to take Timothy’s proposed “translation is a metonymy” theory as a research perspective, to examine Wu Jing Xiong “morality” translation practice characteristics, and its interaction with the times. Timothy pointed out that translators can achieve different translating objectives for translators by selectively highlighting parts of the original text in a metaphorical way of referring to the text itself. Focusing on the translation practice of Wu Jing Xiong’s Tao Te Ching, examining the characteristics of metonymy construction of its translation and its surrounding texts and its metaphorical connection with socio-cultural contexts, we can see that through the translation of “Jing Du” Strategy - Sufficient and Acceptable, Both National and Global, Wu Jingxiong attempts to explain Chinese culture to the West, highlighting that “Moral Scriptures” not only has the linguistic features of the world classics, but also has similarities with western cultures, The problems that arise in civilization have strong explanatory power. Wu Jing-xiong’s metonymic translation practice provides a feasible reference model for the translation of Chinese literature. The metonymic perspective of translation practice also helps to understand the relationship between translation and cultural transmission from a new perspective.