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稀磁镍铬-铜铁合金热电偶是继镍铬-金铁低温热电偶之后研究出现的一种新的低温热电偶,可适用于4~273 K低温温度范围的测量。本文基于稀磁合金热电偶低温4~273 K分度特性的实验研究。分析计算稀磁铜铁合金磁性杂质在低温下对热电势的影响。应用数理统计随机模型为理论依据,建立“双介质法”热电极动态不均匀性的质量分析和控制方法。提高新热电偶电极的品质,促进廉金属稀磁铜铁合金低温热电偶代替贵金属金铁合金热偶的应用发展。
The dilute-magnetic Ni-Cr-Cu-Fe alloy thermocouple is a new low-temperature thermocouple developed after the Ni-Cr-Au ferroelectric low temperature thermocouple. It can be used in the 4 ~ 273 K temperature range. In this paper, based on the experimental study of the low temperature 4 ~ 273 K indexing characteristics of dilute magnetic alloy thermocouple. The influence of magnetic impurities on the thermoelectric power at low temperature is analyzed and calculated. Using the stochastic model of mathematical statistics as the theoretical basis, the quality analysis and control method of the dynamic heterogeneity of the “double-media method” hot electrode is established. Improve the quality of the new thermocouple electrode and promote the application development of low-temperature thermocouple of low-density ferromagnetic copper-iron alloy instead of the thermocouple of noble-metal ferro-alloy.