树突状细胞 (DC)是目前已知的体内功能最强的“专职性”抗原提呈细胞 ,多项研究已经显示DC在肿瘤免疫、抗感染免疫、免疫排斥等方面发挥着重要作用。在各种不同体外培养条件下 ,发现很多因素如细胞因子、微生物都会影响DC的分化、成熟 ,尤其肠道微生物如何调控DC对研究免疫反应的启动及免疫耐受的建立有着重要意义。本文拟就有关内容作一综述。 Dendritic cells (DCs) are currently the most potent “professional” antigen presenting cells in the body. Various studies have shown that DCs play an important role in tumor immunity, anti-infective immunity and immune rejection. In a variety of in vitro culture conditions, found that many factors such as cytokines, microorganisms will affect the differentiation and maturation of DC, especially how intestinal microbes regulate DC to study the immune response and the establishment of immune tolerance is of great significance. This article intends to make an overview of the content.