古文献之流传,以唐宋之交为界,大致可分为两个阶段。宋以后印刷术全面普及,是为印本时代;而唐以前文献流传基本依靠抄写,是为抄本时代。在印本时代,印本的讹误与窜伪只有在制版时才能产生;而在抄本时代,每一次传抄即相当于一次制版,文字讹误固难避免,有意窜伪亦不存在任何困难,故窜乱问题远较后世严重。而在西汉晚期刘向、刘歆父子整理群书、写定汗青之前,既无所谓“定本”可依,窜乱问题尤为猖獗〔1〕。梁启超先生曾在《中国近三百年学术史》中举了六个作伪最为盛行的时期,其 The circulation of ancient literature, to the turn of Tang and Song circles, can be divided into two stages. After the Song Dynasty, the popularity of typography was for the era of the Printed. The literature on the Tang Dynasty before the Tang dynasty basically relied on transcribing, which was the era of transcripts. In the Indian era, the corruption and falsification of the printed version was only possible when the plate was made. In the era of transcript, each copy was equivalent to a plate making, the text corruption was hard to avoid and there was no difficulty in channeling the dummy. Therefore, Far more serious than later generations. In the late Western Han dynasty, Liu Xin and Liu Xin father and son finishing group books, write down history before, it does not matter “fixed book ” can be dependent, rampant problem is particularly rampant 〔1〕. Mr. Liang Qichao once held six pseudo-prevalent periods in the “Academic History of China in the Last Three Hundred Years.”