扩张型心肌病(DCM)的基本治疗包括抗心力衰竭、心律失常及预防血栓栓塞等并发症。β-受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂与血管紧张素受体拮抗剂及醛固酮受体拮抗剂可降低DCM心力衰竭的死亡率。胺碘酮对室性心律失常的治疗是安全有效的,埋藏式心脏复律除颤器(ICD)则可减少猝死,但ICD是否可在DCM的一级预防中应用尚存争议。心脏再同步治疗为部分心力衰竭患者提供了新的治疗方法。外科治疗主要适用于难以治疗的、晚期的DCM心力衰竭患者。他汀类药物及已酮可可碱、免疫球蛋白的使用可短期改善DCM患者的心功能。 Essential treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) includes complications of heart failure, arrhythmia, and prevention of thromboembolism. β-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists and aldosterone receptor antagonists reduce the mortality of DCM heart failure. Amiodarone is safe and effective for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, while ICD reduces the risk of sudden death, but it remains controversial whether ICD can be used in primary prevention of DCM. Cardiac resynchronization therapy provides new treatments for some patients with heart failure. Surgical treatment is mainly applied to difficult to treat patients with advanced DCM heart failure. The use of statins and pentoxifylline, immunoglobulins, may improve cardiac function in DCM patients in the short term.