在上海公共租界的历史上，曾经活跃着一支人数众多、国籍各异、装备精良、训练有素的武装部队，这就是昔日在黄浦滩上趾高气昂、耀武扬威的万国商团。这支由公共租界工部局直接指挥的武装部队组建于1853年，从它诞生的那一天起，就严重地侵犯了中国的主权。一、“义勇”不“义 In the history of the Shanghai public-concession, a large number of people with different nationalities, well-equipped and well-trained armed forces have been active. This is the all-powerful group that used to be the high-spirited and swaggering place in Huangpu Beach. Founded in 1853 by an armed force under the direct command of the Public Works Bureau of the Public Works Department, from the very day it was born, it has seriously violated China’s sovereignty. First, “righteousness” is not "righteous