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[目的]研究杂交草鱼一龄阶段的生长和体型特点。[方法]建立长江自交YR(长江群体♀×长江群体♂)、珠江自交ZR(珠江群体♀×珠江群体♂)、杂交F1(长江群体♀×珠江群体♂)3个组合。为了避免前期生长差异对后期试验的影响,亲鱼催产至鱼苗下塘均同步进行,控制夏花培育过程养殖密度、养殖环境等条件保持一致;另一方面,到50日龄即对3个组合进行剪鳍标记同箱混养,克服不同网箱的影响。对3个组合鱼的生长和形态数据进行测量分析。体重(W)用电子天平测量,全长(TL)、体长(SL)、头长(HL)、体高(BH)和体宽(BW)用游标卡尺测量。绝对增重率AGR(g/d)=(W2-W1)/(t2-t1);超亲杂种优势HB(%)=(F1-BP)×100/BP。其中,AGR为50～170日龄的绝对增重率;W2-W1为饲养50～170d的体增重;t2-t1为两阶段的间隔天数;F1为杂交一代某性状的平均值;BP为优良亲本某性状的平均值。体型分析利用体长/全长、头长/全长、体高/体长及体宽/体长4个比例参数进行比较。[结果]体重、体长及绝对增重率均为F1>ZR>YR;体重、体长,在50日龄组合间差异不显著(P>0.05),在170日龄组合间差异均极显著(P<0.01);绝对增重率,F1分别比ZR、YR高20.00%、50.00%,F1与ZR差异不显著(P>0.05),与YR差异显著(P<0.05);F1在体重上表现明显的超亲杂种优势(20.09%)。3个组合间,体长/全长差异不显著(P>0.05),头长/全长、体高/体长及体宽/体长差异显著(P<0.05),F1表现头短、体高、体宽等特点。[结论]F1在生长性能和体型特征上均具有优势。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the growth and body shape of hybrid grass carp in its first-age stage. [Method] Three combinations of YR (Yangtze River population ♀ × Yangtze River population ♂), Pearl River self established ZR (Pearl population ♀ × Pearl population ♂) and F1 hybrid population (Yangtze population ♀ × Pearl population ♂) were established. In order to avoid the influence of the difference of early growth on the later experiment, the progeny of the broodstock was synchronized to the pond of fish fry, the density of culture in the control of summer flower cultivation and the culture environment were consistent; on the other hand, Clip fin labeling with polyculture, to overcome the impact of different cages. The growth and morphological data of three fish combinations were measured and analyzed. Body weight (W) was measured with an electronic balance and full length (TL), body length (SL), head length (HL), body height (BH) and body width (BW) were measured with vernier calipers. The absolute weight gain rate AGR (g / d) = (W2-W1) / (t2-t1); Super heterosis heterosis HB (%) = (F1-BP) × 100 / BP. Among them, AGR was the absolute weight gain rate of 50-170 days of age; W2-W1 was the body weight gain of feeding for 50-170 days; t2-t1 was the interval of two phases; F1 was the average value of some traits of hybrid generation; BP was The average of a good parent’s trait. Body shape analysis using body length / full length, head length / full length, body height / body length and body width / body length ratio of 4 parameters were compared. [Result] The body weight, body length and absolute weight gain rate were all F1> ZR> YR. There were no significant differences in body weight and body length between the 50-day-old combinations (P> 0.05) (P <0.01). The absolute weight gain rate and F1 were 20.00% and 50.00% higher than those of ZR and YR, respectively. There was no significant difference between F1 and ZR (P> 0.05) The obvious super-heterosis heterosis (20.09%). There was no significant difference in body length / length between the three combinations (P> 0.05), head length / full length, body height / body length and body width / body length (P <0.05) Body width and other characteristics. [Conclusion] F1 had advantages in growth performance and body shape.