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为改变长乐林场湿地松种子园低产现状,1991～1995年间对此进行了全面调查,并布置了多项试验。在分批将种子园密度由每公顷270株,减少到135株的基础上,找到了确保种子增产的相应配套技术:(1)选择对积温要求不高的优良无性系.筛选出以Ⅲ-33,Ⅳ-60为代表、当地能正常开花结实的16个无性系,普遍具有开花较早的特点;(2)施肥,特别是施磷钾肥,可增产种子1倍多。施用锌肥和磷肥,能提高球果出籽率1倍左右;(3)5～6月份开甲,能使不容易形成雌球花的无性系结果,球果增产率30.4％。与环割等同类措施相比,开甲不会造成树干粗度的上下畸变,适于生产中应用;(4)散粉期采用机动喷粉器吹风,帮助花粉飞散,球果出籽率提高47.6％;(5)开花初期喷施满果粉,球果出籽率提高51.2％;(6)通过清除虫源,诱杀成虫,烟雾剂防治等综合措施,使球果受害率由32.3％降低到5.0％以下。综合应用各项措施,使球果出籽率由0.59％提高到2.05％,种子产量由每公顷不足3kg提高到18.0kg以上。
In order to change the low-yielding status of the wetland pine seed orchard in Changle Forest Farm, a comprehensive investigation was carried out between 1991 and 1995 and a number of tests were arranged. On the basis of decreasing the density of seed orchard from 270 plants per hectare to 135 plants in batches, the corresponding technologies to ensure the seed yield increase were found: (1) The clones with less requirement for accumulated temperature were selected, 33, Ⅳ-60 as the representative of the local flowering and fructification of 16 clones, generally have the characteristics of flowering earlier; (2) fertilization, especially the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, can increase the yield of more than doubled. Application of zinc fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, can improve the seed yield about 1 times; (3) May ~ June open armor, can make it difficult to form the female flowers of the clonal results, cone yield 30.4%. Compared with circumcision and other similar measures, open armor does not cause vertical distortion of the trunk, which is suitable for production applications. (4) The use of motor duster blower to disperse the pollen during the powdering period, and the seed yield of conch is increased by 47.6 %; (5) Spraying full fruit powder in early flowering stage, the seed yield of conch increased by 51.2%; (6) Through the comprehensive measures such as removing insect source, trapping adult and controlling aerosol, the damage rate of cones decreased from 32.3% to 5.0 %the following. Comprehensive application of various measures, the seed yield increased from 0.59% to 2.05%, seed yield from less than 3kg per hectare increased to 18.0kg above.