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食管切除术后食管重建的方法很多，有胃代、结肠代、空肠代食管等方法，而胃代食管为最常用的方法。胸内食管胃吻合术最严重的并发症是吻合口瘘，一旦发生，危及患者生命。为此，人们努力探寻降低吻合向瘘的新方法。例如：管状吻合器法，闭合性包套法，食管腔内环扎法，隧道式吻合法等，以上方法均使吻合口瘘的发生率有所降低，最低的是刘馄等的隧道式吻合法，吻合口瘘的发生率仅为0.7％。
There are many methods for esophageal reconstruction after esophagectomy. There are methods such as gastric substituting, colonic substituting, and jejunal esophageal replacement. Gastric esophagus is the most commonly used method. The most serious complication of an intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy is an anastomotic fistula that, once it occurs, endangers the lives of patients. For this reason, people are striving to find new ways to reduce the anomaly. For example: tubular stapling method, closed wrapping method, esophageal intraluminal cerclage method, tunneling anastomosis, etc., the above methods have reduced the incidence of anastomotic leakage, the lowest is the tunneling of Liu Hao et al. With anastomosis, the incidence of anastomotic leakage was only 0.7%.