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(一)树上有5只鸟,被猎人一枪打下一只,问树上还剩下几只鸟? 传统的答案是:“树上没有一只鸟。”其理由是:猎人打下一只鸟,枪声吓飞了其余4只鸟,所以树上没有一只鸟。用这道题来测验小学生,多数小学生脱口而出:“树上还剩下4只鸟。”他们在解题的思索过程中,忽略了“树上”这样一个条件,按照形式逻辑的推理方法,得出5-1=4(只)鸟的结果,犯了片面性的错误。我觉得,传统的答案也同样犯了片面性的错误。 1.题中、“树上有5只鸟”,指
(A) There are five birds in the tree, one shot by hunters and one bird in the tree. The traditional answer is: “There is not a bird in the tree.” The reason is that the hunter beats one Birds and gunshots scared away the remaining four birds so there was not one bird in the tree. With this question to test pupils, most of the pupils blurted out: “There are 4 birds left in the tree.” They neglected the “tree” condition in their thinking of problem solving, and according to the formal logic reasoning method, Out 5-1 = 4 (only) bird results, made a one-sided error. I think the traditional answers also make the same mistake of one-sidedness. In the title, “There are 5 birds in the tree,” referring to